Sunday 6 April 2008

Congestion Avoidance - Payload & Header Compression

Layer 2 payload compression as the name suggests, compresses frames at layer 2. Payload compression is done on a link by link basis, on protocols such as HDLC/frame-relay/PPP/X.25/LAPB.

The following compression methods are supported on Cisco IOS:
-Stacker
-Predictor
-MPPC (Microsoft Point to Point Compression

Compression does induce an amount of delay, perference is towards hardware based compression, as software/hardware assisted requires more CPU cycles. Layer2 compression of payloads leaves the headers intact as they are required, layer 2 header compression will compress the headers, but leave the payload intact.

Layer 2 header compression sends the first packet in a flow with it's headers, then for all remaining packets in the flow, a hash is calculated and the headers are removed. The receiving router will determine which flow the packet is part of by reviewing the hash value.

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